CAT(1V) USER COMMANDS CAT(1V)
NAME
cat - concatenate and display
SYNOPSIS
cat [ - ] [ -benstuv ] [ filename... ]
SYSTEM V SYNOPSIS
/usr/5bin/cat [ - ] [ -estuv ] [ filename... ]
AVAILABILITY
The System V version of this command is available with the
System V software installation option. Refer to Installing
SunOS 4.1 for information on how to install optional
software.
DESCRIPTION
cat reads each filename in sequence and displays it on the
standard output. Thus:
example% cat goodies
displays the contents of goodies on the standard output, and
example% cat goodies1 goodies2 > goodies3
concatenates the first two files and places the result on
the third.
If no filename argument is given, or if the argument `-' is
given, cat reads from the standard input. If the standard
input is a terminal, input is terminated by an EOF condi-
tion.
OPTIONS
-b Number the lines, as -n, but omit the line numbers from
blank lines.
-e Display non-printing characters, as -v, and in addition
display a $ character at the end of each line.
-n Precede each line output with its line number.
-s Substitute a single blank line for multiple adjacent
blank lines.
-t Display non-printing characters, as -v, and in addition
display TAB characters as ^I (CTRL-I).
-u Unbuffered. If -u is not used, output is buffered in
blocks, or line-buffered if standard output is a termi-
nal.
-v Display non-printing characters (with the exception of
TAB and NEWLINE characters) so that they are visible.
Control characters print like ^X for CTRL-X; the DEL
character (octal 0177) print as `^?'. Non-ASCII char-
acters (with the high bit set) are displayed as M-x
where M- stands for `meta' and x is the character
specified by the seven low order bits.
SYSTEM V OPTIONS
-e If the -v option is specified, display a $ character at
the end of each line.
-s Suppress messages about files which cannot be opened.
-t If the -v option is specified, display TAB characters
as ^I (CTRL-I) and FORMFEED characters as ^L (CTRL-L).
-v Display non-printing character (with the exception of
TAB, NEWLINE, and FORMFEED characters) so that they are
visible.
ENVIRONMENT
The environment variables LC_CTYPE, LANG, and LC_default
control the character classification throughout cat. On
entry to cat, these environment variables are checked in the
following order: LC_CTYPE, LANG, and LC_default. When a
valid value is found, remaining environment variables for
character classification are ignored. For example, a new
setting for LANG does not override the current valid charac-
ter classification rules of LC_CTYPE. When none of the
values is valid, the shell character classification defaults
to the POSIX.1 "C" locale.
SEE ALSO
cp(1), ex(1), more(1), pg(1V), pr(1V), tail(1)
NOTES
Beware of `cat a b > a' and `cat a b > b', which destroy the
input files before reading them.
Sun Release 4.1 Last change: 19 July 1989
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