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IP Routing Primer: Part One

November 6, 2000
 by Peter Morrissey

Table of Contents

 

Broadcast Addresses

There are times when a device has to send an IP packet to every node on a network. In such an instance, it will use the broadcast address of that network. The subnet mask is also used to derive the broadcast address. This is done by replacing all of the binary digits in the node address, as governed by the trailing 0s in the mask, to values of binary ones. This is combined with the network address, which results in the broadcast address. Following is the broadcast address that would go with our above example.

11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000 = 255.255.254.0 = mask
10000000.11100110.00000100.00000000 = 128.230.004.0 = network address
10000000.11100110.00000101.11111111 = 128.230.005.255 = broadcast address

Broadcast addresses also are easier to figure out when the masks end on the one-byte boundaries. When this is the case, it can easily be represented in decimal by substituting decimal 255s in place of the bytes where the mask indicates the node address belongs. Here's an example:

255.255.255.0 = mask
128.230.4.0 = network address
128.230.4.255 = broadcast address


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